The invented ruins of 18th-century estates may have been intended to confer legitimacy on newly created landscapes but they are also, at least to modern eyes, pieces of fantasy. There are subtle shifts in emphasis and intent in all these examples. The book comes up to date with the parodic versions of public schools and their grounds that Harrow and Dulwich College, for example, have exported to China. ![]() ![]() And there are the recreations of whole parts of cities, such as Römerberg Square in Frankfurt, which were destroyed by bombing. There are also buildings, or bits of buildings, that have been reconstructed after suffering collapse, such as the campanile of St Mark’s Square in Venice. He begins with an account of Piltdown Man, a notorious archaeological hoax in the early 20th century, before discussing a number of examples of ‘fake heritage’ in which the line between authenticity and artifice is much harder to establish.ĭarlington considers the blatantly inauthentic faux-ruins of the 18th century as well as the educational copies of genuine artefacts in the Victoria and Albert Museum’s ‘cast courts’. In his recent book, Fake Heritage: Why We Rebuild Monuments (Yale University Press), John Darlington looks at historic reconstructions, copies and invented historical structures. To be authentically modern, one can’t recreate the past. Such a belief is clearly antithetical to reconstruction. ![]() The belief, central to modern architecture, that buildings should embody the spirit of the age assumes that they are the logical outcome of the contemporary forces that bring them into being. Authenticity in this sense is about a building’s relationship to time and place. That is unless one subscribes to the idea that architecture should be an authentic reflection of its times. The only thing that an architect actually makes is drawings and so, in a sense, a drawing can be built at any point and remain the same. Photo: Thomas Kienzle/APF via Getty Images (2020)Īrchitecture, however, is a collaborative art and buildings are the work of many hands. Row of half-timbered houses (‘Ostzeile’) on the eastern side of Römerberg Square, Frankfurt, reconstructed in the 1980s. Wasn’t modernism meant to be about shaking off our sentimental obsession with the past? What is modern about reconstructing a 50-year-old building? Yet even a faithful reconstruction is problematic. The ‘new’ Barcelona Pavilion, which was built in the 1980s, is a faithful replica that sits in exactly the same position in Montjuïc as the original, made of the same materials and finished to a high degree of craftsmanship. Despite, or perhaps because of this short lifespan, it came to assume a hugely important status in the history of modern architecture. Designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, the pavilion lasted less than a year before it was dismantled. The Barcelona Pavilion, as it is commonly known, was originally constructed as the German Pavilion at the International Exposition of 1929 in Barcelona. The process of reconstruction is generally, but not always, reserved for pre-modern buildings. In recent decades a small number of significant ‘lost’ buildings, such as the Frauenkirche in Dresden and the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, have been reconstructed, usually for political rather than aesthetic reasons. ![]() It can also apply to a building that has been substantially rebuilt or entirely reconstructed. The posthumous construction of Charles Rennie Mackintosh’s House for an Art Lover, a prize-winning design from 1901 that was finally realised in the 1990s, is a case in point. In the case of a building completed after an architect’s death or without their blessing, it can mean the lack of the author’s guiding hand. Authenticity can imply a number of things. To speak of fakes in relation to buildings is to talk about a lack of authenticity rather than deliberate deceit. And for the most part they are highly visible, so their provenance is much harder to hide. What is a fake building? Unlike artworks, buildings aren’t faked for short-term or financial gain they cost too much and take too much time to build for that.
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2/1/2024 0 Comments Cartier ring![]() "Sotheby's Geneva sale breaks auction world records". "Most expensive ruby world record could be broken at Sotheby's Geneva this May". ^ a b c d "Burmese ruby sells for record $US30 million".^ a b c "World's most expensive coloured gem sells for $30m".Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. ^ a b "Ruby sets record, pink diamond and pearls shine at Sotheby's sale".įollowing the death of Horten, the jewel was auctioned by Christie's in Geneva on for $14.7 million. ![]() Its record-setting price has been attributed to the rapid increase in prices for coloured gemstones and public auctions, with figures often "rivaling the performance of the much-sought-after colored diamonds". The Sunrise Ruby greatly surpassed the previous record holder, the Graff ruby ring, which sold for US$8.6 million in November 2014. Also known as lot 502 of the evening, bidding lasted approximately seven minutes with buyers via phone as the main source of bidding. It was originally estimated to be worth between US$12 and 18 million prior to auction and bidding started at 11 million Swiss francs or US$11.8 million. The ruby sold for a record US$30.42 million on at a Sotheby's auction in Geneva, Switzerland, to Heidi Horten. In a Gubelin grading report, it notes, "ruby is of Burmese origin" and that "its vivid but saturated color, poetically referred to as pigeon blood red, is due to a combination of well balanced trace elements in the stone, typical and characteristic for the finest rubies of Mogok." Gemstones of the same quality typically form in only small crystals, making this one an "extremely rare" gem. The Gubelin Gem Lab in Zürich stated that "such a combination of characteristics is very rare in Burmese rubies of this size." The global chairman of Sotheby's International Jewellery Division, David Bennett, when interviewed on the ruby, stated "during his 40 years in the industry, he has never before seen a ruby of this calibre". The Swiss Gemmological Institute has described it as "a unique treasure of nature" and praised its "well-proportioned cut, highly attractive colour and fine purity". It is considered among the rarest of all gemstones. It is a 25.59-carat (5.1 g) Burmese "pigeon blood" ruby, mounted by Cartier and set between heptagonal diamonds weighing 2.47 carats (0.49 g) and 2.70 carats (0.54 g). Originally mined in Myanmar, its current name is derived from a poem of the same name, written by the 13th-century Sufi poet Rumi. The Sunrise Ruby is the world's most expensive ruby, most expensive coloured gemstone, and most expensive gemstone other than a diamond. 2/1/2024 0 Comments Computer science word vs word![]() NLP combines computational linguistics-rule-based modeling of human language-with statistical, machine learning, and deep learning models. This, as the OP already noted, is a question for SO, not ELU.Natural language processing (NLP) refers to the branch of computer science-and more specifically, the branch of artificial intelligence or AI-concerned with giving computers the ability to understand text and spoken words in much the same way human beings can. It does not deal with the study, design, development and organization of Information other than from a computer science perspective. the study of the principles and use of computers.Ĭomputer science is essentially theoretical in nature dealing with the principles of computers and to an extent, their eventual use. (Though in practice, it may turn out that there can be no IT without computers.)ġ. IT is essentially about information, its related systems and applications, not necessarily about computers at all. the study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information. Your teacher is quite correct, though there's no such thing as "Computer scientists ()who are academic IT specialists." What they mean exactly depends almost entirely on context.įor example, I am by the laws of my country certainly no engineer, but somehow my current employer has designated me as a software engineer. When it comes to the technical part of creating software, words like programmer, developer, software engineer are used. It means they do "something" with IT, and they make a living out of it. The simplest, all encompassing word for a professional in the IT-sector would be IT-professional. And the IT-field is so incredibly wide, that being a specialist in it means very little. IT-specialist sound nice, but it implies that somebody is specialised. Someone who works scientifically in computer-science is unlikely to call themselves a computer-scientist, unless they want to keep their job description vague (because their audience would not understand the distinctions anyway). Most people in IT-related jobs do not.Įngineer is a protected academic title, at least in some countries. What is important is to realize that there are many names for academic grades, and it is usually seen as highly inappropriate to use those unless the person has actually fulfilled the academic requirements to deserve such a title.Īlthough scientist is not a "protected" title, it is usually reserved for people who work in academia. It is hard to come up with any word that would cover the jobs from high-level strategic software architect to first line help desk employee, from programmer to requirements specifier or from embedded systems developer to IC-designer. ![]() In the same way, when it comes to computers, you have designers, architects, programmers, developers, system analysts, testers, system administrators, network specialists. Whether they make paper, design printing presses or run a publishing house. This is as true as saying that everybody who has to do with publishing written words is a "writer", whether they write content (fiction or non-fiction), news articles or research papers. For starters, it may look to somebody on the outside that everybody who "does something with computers" is doing the same kind of job. I'm a general IT-specialist | computer sientist. ![]() But in my case, I'm not an application engineer. I agree to write the exact role like application engineer if you currently working as such one. But my english teacher marked it as wrong, because of the reasons said above. When I search for "Informatiker" on the german Wikipedia ( ), and switch then the language to english, the article about the computer scientist will be displayed. So I need to translate my degree "Informatiker". It doesn't matter if I work as a Java developer, so software engineer, or if I am working as a system engineer or, as oerkelens in his answer said, what ever you do in the nearly endless list of "computer worker", at the end, we all have the same degree.Īs part of an order in my english school class, we need to write an application letter on english for a fictitious job offer. I made the apprenticeship in Switzerland, so maybe it is different in other countries. As I said in my comment below, at the end of the apprenticeship, we all have the same degree, we are called in german "Informatiker". Which is the correct form, now? When I should use either? "Computer scientists" are academic IT specialists, while the general worker is an "IT specialist". But my English teacher keeps telling me that the term is "IT specialist". As far as I know, the job is called "computer scientist", that's what most translators say. I talked to my English teacher about what to name a person who works with computers. 2/1/2024 0 Comments Macx mediatrans for windowsManage playlists, tracks, albums, and genres in batchĪble to delete all photos in Camera Roll, as well as recorded videos Use iPhone as USB-Stick to send files, including PDF, APP, and dmg Remove DRM from iTunes M4V Video/M4P AudioBooks/Apple Music and convert to MP4, MP3, Import/export/delete ringtones, ebooks, VoiceMemo, iTunesU, Podcast Features of MacX MediaTransĭirectly transfer video, music, photos, HD movies, and TV shows from the iPhone to the Mac and vice versa With this program, users are empowered to transfer music from iPhone to Mac in batch with one click, directly manage/delete playlists, tracks, etc. Upgrading to a new iOS/iPhone or sharing iPhone files with family and friends would be helpful. As an iTunes alternative, MacX MediaTrans can transfer and manage any video, music, photo, podcasts, audiobooks, iTunes U, and more between iPhone, iPad, iPod, and Mac. It is the fastest mac file manager for iPhone, and iPad iPod, which gives you complete control over iOS data. Support to remove iTunes DRM protection from movies, music and audio books that purchased from iTunes store for free enjoyment on any devices.Free download MacX MediaTrans 7.7 full version standalone offline installer for Windows Mac, MacX MediaTrans Overview Convert and Transfer DRM Protected Media Files ![]() Make the most of the free storage in your iPhone iPad. Store your Word, Excel, PDF, APP, DMG and other files in your iOS devices secretly. Mount iOS Devices as the External Hard Drive Synchronize all your files to facilitate your life. ![]() Support to transfer and add the downloaded Ebooks, ringtones, iTunes U, Podcasts in your iPhone. 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Your chaotic songs mess up music library. Your bulky 4k videos max out iPhone storage. No more space woes, meida cluttering or risky syncing. You can even import/export iTunes purchases and make them accessible to non-Apple devices. photos, music, videos, movies, ringtone, ebooks, Audiobooks, Voice Memo, iTunes U, Podcast, etc. ![]() MacX MediaTrans has your back, bringing you a fast way to manage, backup and transfer your iOS data, e.g. BUY NOW MacX MediaTrans (Lifetime License) – 55% OFF What’s more, it even support to remove the DRM protection of movies, music and audio books that purchased from iTunes store. This MacX software also turns your iPhone iPad to a external flash drive that can save all sorts of files such as Word, Excel, dmg, etc safely. The plug-and-transfer solution keeps a stable and fastest iPhone transfer for data in batches and large size. This software makes it easy to transfer music, videos, movies, TV shows, photos, pictures, books, voice memos etc between iPhone, iPad, iPod and Mac computers. MacX MediaTrans is a professional iPhone file manager especially designed for MacBook Air/ Pro/ iMac 4K/ 5K etc. 2/1/2024 0 Comments Nhl 21 reverse retro jerseysInspired by the Coyotes' 1998-2003 third uniform, this jersey depicts a desert and incorporates the Coyotes crescent moon logo as part of the landscape.īoston Bruins: Inspired by the Bruins' 1995 third jersey that was originally gold, this bright white jersey's main character is the Bruin itself. Here is a look at what went into each team's design:Īnaheim Ducks: The 1993 signature asymmetrical body stripe, chevron sleeve stripes and three-color player numbers is an ode to the Ducks' inaugural season uniform, remixed with the team's modern-day color scheme.Īrizona Coyotes: The Coyotes are the first team to ever wear a jersey featuring the earth-tone color sienna. "It's been a long process, but when we see the fan responses, that's the most rewarding part about the job." and $210-$260 in Canada exclusively at, adidas.ca,, NHLShop.ca and team stores, with wider availability at additional retailers starting Nov. The adidas Reverse Retro ADIZERO Authentic jerseys for all 32 NHL® teams are available Nov. Now, all jerseys are finalized and ready to be worn by fans and players alike. "Throughout this process, some jerseys arrive on one day and others the next, and it feels like you're a child during the holidays ripping open the boxes." All jerseys took 18-24 months to produce, and Jennings credits the adidas design team for their haste with the process. The project is too big of an undertaking to produce yearly, but Jennings wanted fans to have another Reverse Retro jersey collection quickly. ![]() ![]() "When we were winding down the initial 1.0 drop of Reverse Retro jerseys, we were already starting to think about the iterations for this drop." "There's the design process, then the procurement of all the materials and then production," Jennings said. |
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